1 . Borobudur
Proof of the technology and architecture is Borobudur temple was built around 824 estimated from M by the King of Mataram dynasty named Samaratungga from Syailendra . Borobudur temple is very magnificent building . Can not imagine how our ancestors developed so heavy Borobudur stand firmly with hundreds of nails without nail down the earth to establish his lays the foundation , was unimaginable how the rocks that form the Borobudur was formed and transported to the area of development on the hill.
Even with the sophistication that is at present , it is difficult to build a temple that could match the temple. Borobudur also adopted the concept of Fractal . Fractal is a geometric shape that has similar elements to form a whole. Borobudur temple itself is a gigantic stupa inside of domes consist of other smaller ones. Architecture cool is not it?
2 . Jung ship Java
Long before the technology giant ship Zheng He and Columbus , the explorer had crossed the ocean archipelago third of world football . Despite over 500 years BC the Chinese were already developing various types of ships of various sizes , up to VII century weeny role in cruise ship China seas.
In the narrative of religious I- Tsing ( 671-695 m ) from Canton to Nalanda College in South India mentioned that it uses Sriwijaya ship , when the state traffic control navigation in the " South Sea " . Portuguese sailors exploring the ocean in the middle of the 16th century Diego de Couto in the book Da Asia , published in 1645 mentions, it first sailed Javanese reached Cape of Good Hope , Africa , and Madagascar .
Cape of Good Hope it finds residents early 16th century brown skinned like Java . "They confessed Javanese , " Couto said , as quoted in the book Anthony Reid Early Modern History of Southeast Asia . Based on the relief ship at Borobudur Temple proved that long ago our ancestors had mastered the technique of shipbuilding .
Borobudur ship has played a major role in all the cruise Java language , for hundreds of years before the 13th century . Entering the early 8th century , Borobudur ship shifted by large Jung Java , with three or four screen as Jung . Says ' Jung ' is used the first time in Odrico monks travel journals, Jonhan de Marignolli , and Ibn Battuta sailed to the archipelago , early 14th century .
They praised the ship Java sea monster as superintendent of Southeast Asia . Jung manufacturing technology is not much different from the work of Borobudur ship ; whole hull was built without using nails . Mentioned, junk archipelago has four masts , made of laminated board four and able to withstand artillery fire Portuguese ships . Jung weights average about 600 tons , exceeding the Portuguese warship . Jung largest Demak Kingdom bobotnya reached 1,000 tons, which is used as a carrier force to attack the fleet Portuguese archipelago in Malacca in 1513 .
3 . keris
Technological sophistication metal forging metal technology has long been growing since the early Christian era in the archipelago. The master knew the quality of various metal hardness . Kris has iron forging technology unusual to measure community in the past. Kris made by forging technique , not casted . Folding accompanied minting techniques useful for finding purity iron , at which time the iron materials are composites with other natural materials . Kris the beginning of sheet metal folded to sometimes up to thousands of times seemed to be fixed folding process is equivalent to a unique , interesting and difficult .
Technology development is able to create a wrought wrought technique tosan aji ( tosan = iron , Aji = valuable ) . Selection will be stone meteorites containing elements of titanium as a dagger , also a discovery of our ancestors are amazing . Titanium is better known as the best material to make dagger because it is lightweight but very strong . Difficulty in making keris from titanium material is that its melting point to 60 thousand degrees Celsius , far from the melting point of iron, steel or nickel range 10 thousand degrees Celsius. Titanium appears to have many advantages over other types of metals . Element titanium hard , strong , lightweight , heat-resistant , and also resistant to rust . New titanium metallic element found as a standalone metals around 1940, and the metal hardness than steel but much lighter than steel.
4 . Buton palace fortress
In defense architecture for building Buton , Southeast Sulawesi have a fortress built on the hill area of approximately 20.7 hectares. Fortress that was formerly the capital of the Sultanate of Buton has a unique architect design , made of limestone . This spiral-shaped fortress around 2740 meters in length . This fort has 12 gates and 16 post guard / defensive fortress ( bastions ), which in the local language called baluara . Each gate ( handsome ) and controlled baluara 4-6 cannons . 52 whole number of cannons . At the top right corner of the south there godana - Oba ( powder magazine ) and ammunition warehouse on the left. Lies on top of a hill high enough to allow steep slopes enough of this place as the best defense in his place .
5 . Si Gale Gale
Robot Technology Nusantara traditional northern Sumatra Batak Toba People in ancient times it can make a traditional robot , known as the the gale - gale . This puppet master complex system of ropes so made . Through this ulur rope pulled the doll can bend and move the " hand " as befits the people dancing . According to the story , A King of the Karo tribe in Samosir make wooden idols to remember the only child who died . The wooden statue of dancing that can be driven by a few people.
Sigale - Gale played with traditional musical accompaniment Batak . Puppet reach one and a half meters in height is given Batak traditional costume . Even the all - geriknya movement that emerged during the show created the effects of human model example . Head can be rotated to the right side and the left eye and the tongue can move, move your hands like human hands and dancing can lower your lower body like squats time dancing . Si Gale - Gale is evidence that our ancestors are able to make mechanical puppets or robots even in a simple form . Robots are created to be able to mimic human movement .
6 . Pengindelan Lake Tasikardi , Banten
Technological sophistication Water Penjernihan our ancestors has already develop water filtration technology . Around the 16th - 17th century has been developing the Sultanate of Banten Building water purifier to filter the water that comes from the reservoir to the palace Surosowan Tasikardi . The process was developed penjernihannya belong . Before getting into the Surosowan , dirty , murky water of Lake Ardi channeled and filtered through three buildings named Pengindelan White, brother , and Gold . In all this pengindelan , processed water and filtering impurities precipitate .
Further water flowing through a series of pipes to length Surosowan made of clay with a diameter of about 40 cm. Once seen that at the time was able to master the murky water treatment technologies become eligible water use. Ardi Lake lake itself is an artificial lake .
As historical sites, the existence of this lake are evidence of the Sultanate of Banten glorious civilization in the past . To measure time, to reservoirs or artificial lakes to irrigate agricultural area and meet the needs of water supply for the population is a brilliant breakthrough
7 . Karinding
Mite repellent technology with sound waves from Sundanese music tool is made of fronds or bamboo Kawung measuring 20 x 1 cm is cut into three parts namely the needle point release tone (called cecet ucing or cats ) , limiting the needle , and the end is called panenggeul ( beater ) . If the panenggeul beaten, then the needle will vibrate and when secured to the oral cavity , it will produce a special sound . This tool not only to entertain but also appears to function dislodge mites in the garden or on the farm .
Produced by karinding voice turns low decibels produced a mite painful until they shun agricultural farms . Frequency sound produced by the instrument for controlling the painful , or can be said voice frequency than the voice frequency range of insects , so the mites will panic and uninterrupted concentration.
8 . GADANG home
Architecture Rumah Aman Earthquake Minang The ancestors of futuristic minded alias appears far advanced beyond his time in building the house. Gadang home construction appears to have been designed to withstand earthquakes fierce storm . Gadang home in West Sumatra prove toughness that exerts engineering construction and solidity bending moment to magnitude earthquake shocks occurred over 8 on the Richter scale . Home gadang make home form remains stable GADANG receiving shocks from the earth . Vibration coming from the land to building distributed to all buildings . Home gadang not use nails as fasteners , but the form of pegs as making connections possess highly flexible building .
Additionally foot pole building or bottom never touched the ground or soil . Lined with stone baseboard password . Stone serves as a vibration damper wave from the ground , so as not to affect the building on it . If there is an earthquake vibrations , Home GADANG will only follow a swinging or swaying vibration waves raised Darmansyah , the construction of the Natural Disaster Management Authority , the West Sumatra mention , from the side of the building construction knowledge gadang home far more advanced than the construction of at least 300 years that have in the world during his time.
9 . smth. trivial
Utilization of biotechnology for food biotechnology Tempe is the result of a special medium Indonesia . Indonesian nation ancestors used to make tempeh Rhizopus from soybean . All of this is the use of microbes or microorganisms on cell floor for food . Actually treating soybeans with yeast also performed in other countries such as China , Japan , India , etc. . But using Rhizopus only in Indonesia alone . So the ability to make soybean tempeh was the discovery of the Indonesian people . Tempe is known since centuries ago in the archipelago. In chapter 3 and chapter 12 manuscripts Fiber Centhini with Java setting of the 16th century have found the word ' tempeh ' . Now, tempeh Manca already penetrated the country , not only because of its taste and aroma , but also because the nutritional content . Tempe is the contribution of the findings of our ancestors in the art world of cooking .
10 . Victims regulation
Removal system intelligence astronomy season evidence of our ancestors Like other cultures of the world, indigenous people of Indonesia have long been paying attention to the sky. Sky observations used in agriculture and navigation . In the Java community are pranatamangsa , that season forecasting based on natural phenomena , and generally relating to the layout of the stars in the sky . According Daldjoeni in his book ' dismantling of Agriculture Java institution Victims ' Survivors institution belongs brilliant discovery .
Complexity did not lose weight from removal system found Ancient Egyptians , Chinese , Mayans , and Burma . More than Farming Almanac American model , regulation victims far more advanced . Although the technology is more advanced as it is now , the adoption of the victims are still relevant regulation calculation . That is because our ancestors used to study natural phenomena such as the rainy season / drought, crop flowering / fruiting , the position of constellations, the influence of the full moon , and so on . By studying the natural phenomena of our ancestors can better appreciate environmental sustainability .
Actually there are many technologies used our ancestors are omitted here. From the findings of fact ever since the Indonesian people are able to master the advanced technology of his time was faster then when we were proud as the present generation if we do not appreciate and understand our ancestors .
Our ancestors have been successfully developing the temples are very beautiful architecture and survive for hundreds of years . Our ancestors also had to develop a fleet wide cross ocean
No comments:
Post a Comment